Gynaecologist Highlights 5 Reasons for Surging Teen PCOS Cases

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that can lead to menstrual irregularity, acne, weight gain, and mood swings.

Alarmingly, cases among adolescents have been rising sharply. Dr. Kavitha G Pujar, consultant obstetrician, gynecologist, and infertility specialist at Motherhood Hospitals, Bangalore, spoke to HT Lifestyle about some key contributing factors:

1. Physical Inactivity
   Teens often spend long hours seated at desks or engrossed in phones and screens. Extended sedentary behavior can lead to insulin resistance and hormonal imbalance. Incorporating daily physical activity—like a brisk 30-minute walk or dancing—can help regulate hormones and improve menstrual cycles.

2. Diet High in Processed Foods and Sugar
   Diets dominated by sugary or refined foods—such as chips, canned juices, or packaged snacks—can trigger insulin spikes, increasing the risk of insulin resistance and other hormonal disorders. Switching to a balanced diet with whole foods can support hormonal health.

3. Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals
   Many everyday items, including certain cosmetics, processed foods, and plastic packaging, contain chemicals that disrupt hormonal balance. Opting for organic food, non-plastic containers, and natural skincare, along with safe sun exposure, can help protect the endocrine system.

4. Academic Stress and Irregular Sleep
   Late-night studying, exam stress, and screen use often interfere with sleep. Sleep deprivation and anxiety affect cortisol and insulin levels, increasing PCOS risk. Maintaining 7–8 hours of uninterrupted sleep and incorporating stress-relief practices like yoga or journaling can be beneficial.

5. Family History and Genetics
   Genetics also play a significant role. Teenage girls with mothers or sisters who have PCOS are more likely to develop the condition. Regular check-ups and a healthy lifestyle can help reduce the severity and manage the risk.